Abstract
Background: This study examined the effects of a mixture of highly bioavailable omega-3 carboxylic acids (OM3-CA) on nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy-assessed lipoprotein particle concentrations and sizes and other cardiovascular risk markers in statin-treated patients with fasting triglycerides (TG) ≥2.3 mmol/L (200 mg/dL) and <5.6 mmol/L (500 mg/dL) and at high cardiovascular risk. Methods: After a diet lead-in and statin-stabilization period, 647 patients were randomly assigned to receive capsules of control (olive oil, OO) 4 g/d, OM3-CA 2 g/d (plus OO 2 g/d), or OM3-CA 4 g/d for 6 weeks. Results: Compared with OO, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) particle size was increased with OM3-CA 2 g/d (p∈<∈0.01) and 4 g/d (p∈<∈0.001), and very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) particle sizes were decreased with both OM3-CA dosages vs. OO (p∈<∈0.001 and p∈<∈0.05 for VLDL and HDL, respectively). Total VLDL/chylomicron remnant particle concentration was reduced by 8.5 and 16.0 % with OM3-CA 2 and 4 g/d, respectively, vs. a 6.9 % reduction with OO (p∈<∈0.001 for OM3-CA 4 g/d vs. OO). Total HDL particle concentration was also reduced by 1.5 and 3.2 % with OM3-CA 2 and 4 g/d, respectively, vs. a 0.6 % increase with OO (at least p∈<∈0.05 for both comparisons). Changes in total LDL particle concentration were not significantly different for OO vs. OM3-CA at either dosage. Apolipoprotein (Apo) CIII levels decreased by 7.6 and 13.1 % with OM3-CA 2 and 4 g/d, respectively, vs. 3.2 % with OO (p∈<∈0.001 for OM3-CA 4 g/d vs. OO). Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2) mass was reduced by 6.2 and 10.7 % with OM3-CA 2 and 4 g/d, respectively, vs. a 0.1 % increase with OO (p∈<∈0.001 for both vs. OO). There were no significant differences between treatments in high-sensitivity C-reactive protein responses. Conclusion: OM3-CA were associated with shifts in lipoprotein particle sizes and concentrations, and reductions in Apo CIII and Lp-PLA2, in patients with hypertriglyceridemia while taking a statin. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier NCT01408303.
Original language | English |
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Article number | 98 |
Journal | Lipids in health and disease |
Volume | 14 |
Issue number | 1 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - 2 Sep 2015 |
Keywords
- Apolipoprotein CIII
- Docosahexaenoic acid
- Eicosapentaenoic acid
- Hypertriglyceridemia
- Lipoprotein subclasses
- Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A<inf>2</inf>
- Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol
- Omega-3 fatty acids
- Statin
- Triglycerides
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism
- Endocrinology
- Clinical Biochemistry
- Biochemistry, medical